TL431AQPK

Basic Information Overview

• Category: Integrated Circuits (ICs)
• Use: Voltage References
• Characteristics: Adjustable Precision Shunt Regulator
• Package: TO-92, SOT-89, SOT-223, and other packages
• Essence: Programmable Precision Reference
• Packaging/Quantity: Tape & Reel (3000 pieces per reel)

Specifications

• Reference Voltage Range: 2.495V to 36V
• Output Current: 1mA to 100mA
• Temperature Coefficient: ±50ppm/°C
• Operating Temperature Range: -40°C to +85°C
• Line Regulation: 0.2%/V
• Load Regulation: 0.4%/mA
• Reference Input Current: 0.5μA to 100μA

Detailed Pin Configuration

The TL431AQPK has three pins: 1. Anode (A): Connected to the reference voltage input. 2. Cathode (K): Connected to the ground or negative supply. 3. Reference (R): Provides the regulated output voltage.

Functional Features

• Programmable Output Voltage: The TL431AQPK can be programmed to provide a precise output voltage by adjusting the resistive divider connected to the reference pin.
• Low Output Noise: It offers low noise performance, making it suitable for applications requiring high precision.
• High Accuracy: The TL431AQPK provides a highly accurate output voltage with a low temperature coefficient and excellent line/load regulation.
• Short Circuit Protection: It includes built-in short circuit protection, ensuring the safety of the device and the connected circuitry.

Advantages and Disadvantages

Advantages

• Wide Range of Applications: The TL431AQPK is widely used in various electronic devices, including power supplies, battery chargers, audio equipment, and instrumentation.
• Cost-Effective: It offers a cost-effective solution for voltage regulation compared to other precision voltage references.
• Easy to Use: The device is easy to implement and requires minimal external components.

Disadvantages

• Limited Output Current: The TL431AQPK has a maximum output current of 100mA, which may not be sufficient for high-power applications.
• Temperature Sensitivity: Although the temperature coefficient is low, it still exhibits some sensitivity to temperature changes.

Working Principles

The TL431AQPK operates as a shunt regulator. It compares the reference voltage at the reference pin with the voltage across the resistive divider connected to the anode pin. Based on this comparison, it adjusts the current flowing through the cathode pin to maintain a stable output voltage.

Detailed Application Field Plans

The TL431AQPK finds applications in various fields, including: 1. Power Supplies: It is used for voltage regulation in linear power supplies, switch-mode power supplies, and DC-DC converters. 2. Battery Chargers: The TL431AQPK ensures precise charging voltage control in battery chargers for different chemistries such as lead-acid, lithium-ion, and nickel-cadmium. 3. Audio Equipment: It provides accurate biasing and voltage stabilization in audio amplifiers, preamplifiers, and equalizers. 4. Instrumentation: The TL431AQPK is utilized in measurement instruments, data acquisition systems, and control circuits to maintain stable reference voltages.

Detailed and Complete Alternative Models

Some alternative models to the TL431AQPK include: - TL431BQDBZR - TLVH431AIDBZT - LM431ACM3X

These models offer similar functionality and can be used as substitutes depending on specific requirements.

In conclusion, the TL431AQPK is an adjustable precision shunt regulator widely used in voltage reference applications. Its programmable output voltage, low noise, and high accuracy make it suitable for various electronic devices. However, its limited output current and temperature sensitivity should be considered in certain applications. Alternative models such as TL431BQDBZR, TLVH431AIDBZT, and LM431ACM3X provide similar functionality and can be used as alternatives to the TL431AQPK.